T4 Phage Portal
PDB 3JA7
The T4 bacteriophage is like a microscopic spaceship that hijacks bacteria, using its syringe-like tail to inject viral DNA into its host. At the heart of this invasion is the portal complex, a molecular ring about 17 nanometers wide that is required for capsid assembly, provides a docking station for the DNA-packaging motor, and later helps attach the tail. While we know it’s essential for these steps, the exact way it handles DNA—especially during packaging and ejection—remains a bit of a mystery.
To bring this tiny biological gatekeeper to life, I created a model of the T4 portal complex, with each of its 12 subunits and to fit together like a perfect puzzle using flexible materials. This hands-on approach makes it easy to explore how the pieces can interact and function. I also made a scaled DNA molecule to help visualize how the virus might load its genetic cargo. At 15 cm across, this model turns a nanoscopic puzzle into something you can actually hold, twist, and tinker with—shedding light on one of nature’s most intriguing molecular machines.
It all begins with an idea. Maybe you want to launch a business. Maybe you want to turn a hobby into something more. Or maybe you have a creative project to share with the world. Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. Don’t worry about sounding professional. Sound like you. There are over 1.5 billion websites out there, but your story is what’s going to separate this one from the rest. If you read the words back and don’t hear your own voice in your head, that’s a good sign you still have more work to do.
